Joints pain. What to do?

Joint pan

Joint pain (arthralgia) can occur in a single or simultaneously in several joints (polyarthralgia). Arthralgias are observed in rheumatic, endocrine, infectious, tumor, neurological, autoimmune diseases, injuries, excess weight. Finding out the causes of joint pain has an important differential diagnostic significance; it is carried out using X-ray, ultrasound, laboratory, invasive methods (arthrocentesis, arthroscopy). The treatment of arthralgia is reduced to the therapy of the disease that caused it. Symptomatic measures (analgesics, local heat, ointments), immobilization, physiotherapy, surgical interventions are used.

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Treatment

Help before diagnosis

For any joint pain, it is necessary to rest and not to strain the limb. Metabolic causes of arthralgias dictate the need for a balanced diet and weight normalization. With fresh injuries it is necessary to apply cold to the joint, immobilize the injured limb with a splint or fixation bandage. It is allowed to take painkillers or NSAIDs.

The neglect of competent examination and treatment for arthralgia is fraught with the development of irreversible functional disorders of the joints - stiffness, ankylosis, and contracture. As joint pain can be a marker of a variety of diseases, it is necessary to consult a doctor when joint syndrome occurs and persists for more than 2 days.

Conservative therapy

The treatment of the underlying pathology plays a major role in the treatment of joint pain. Medication treatment of arthralgia is aimed at relieving the inflammatory intra-articular processes and pain syndrome. Systemic therapy includes the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (ibuprofen, diclofenac, naproxen, nimesulide).

If the arthralgia is moderate or there are contraindications to oral medication, local external therapy with warming, anti-inflammatory and analgesic ointments containing diclofenac, ketoprofen, turpentine ointment is carried out. Applying applications with dimethyl sulfoxide on the joint area. Recommended joint exercises, physical therapy procedures (drug electrophoresis, magnetic therapy, phonophoresis, DMV therapy).

If necessary, periarticular blocks, intraarticular injections of glucocorticoids, chondroprotectors, prosthetic synovial fluid are performed. Promising modern methods of therapy of chronic joint pathologies are ozone therapy, joint plasmolifting, and orthokine therapy.

Surgical treatment

Various types of surgical interventions are justified for joint pain caused by trauma as well as chronic diseases leading to loss of joint function. They can be performed by open (arthrotomy) or endoscopic (arthroscopy) methods. Depending on the causative disease, they are performed:

• Arthroplasty;
• Arthrodesis;
• Ligamentoplasty;
• Sanation of the joint cavity;
• Removal of pathological masses (cysts, intraarticular bodies);
• Synovectomy;
• Joint endoprosthetics.

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